Grid-to-Chip
Copper hits the wall in AI racks: the migration to optical, CPO and silicon photonics
Copper loses metres each generation as per-link bandwidth scales from 400G to 1.6T. Silicon photonics fabs (GF Fotonix, TSMC), CPO specialists (Ayar Labs, Lightmatter, Ranovus, Celestial AI) and pluggable optical OEMs capture the migrating value.